Table 1

Human matrix metalloproteases and their substrates
Protein name*
 Alternative names
 Collagenous substrates
 Non-collagenous ECM substrates
 Non-structural ECM component substrates
MMP-1
 Collagenase-1
 Collagen types I, II, III, VII, VIII, X, and gelatin
 Aggrecan, casein, nidogen, serpins, versican, perlecan, proteoglycan link protein, and tenascin-C
 α1-antichymotrypsin, α1-antitrypsin/α1-proteinase inhibitor, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-5, IL-1β, L-selectin, ovostatin, recombinant TNF-α peptide, and SDF-1
MMP-2
 Gelatinase-A
 Collagen types I, IV, V, VII, X, XI, XIV, and gelatin
 Aggrecan, elastin, fibronectin, laminin, nidogen, proteoglycan link protein, and versican
 Active MMP-9, active MMP-13, FGF R1, IGF-BP3, IGF-BP5, IL-1β, recombinant TNF-α peptide, and TGF-β
MMP-3
 Stromelysin-1
 Collagen types II, IV, IX, X, and gelatin
 Aggrecan, casein, decorin, elastin, fibronectin, laminin, nidogen, perlecan, proteoglycan, proteoglycan link protein, and versican
 α1-antichymotrypsin, α1-proteinase fibrinogen, IGF-BP3, L-selectin, ovostatin, pro-HB-EGF, pro-IL-β, pro-MMP-1, pro-MMP8, pro-MMP-9, pro-TNFα, and SDF-1
MMP-7
 Matrilysin-1, neutophil collagenase
 Collagen types I, II, III, V, IV, and X
 Aggrecan, casein, elastin, enactin, laminin, and proteoglycan link protein
 β4 integrin, decorin, defensin, E-cadherin, Fas-L, plasminogen, pro-MMP-2, pro-MMP-7, pro-TNFα, transferrin, and syndecan
MMP-8
 Collagenase-2
 Collagen types I, II, III, V, VII, VIII, X, and gelatin
 Aggrecan, laminin, and nidogen
 α2-antiplasmin and pro-MMP-8
MMP-9
 Gelatinase-B
 Collagen types IV, V, VII, X, and XIV
 Fibronectin, laminin, nidogen, proteoglycan link protein, and versican
 CXCL5, IL-1β, IL2-R, plasminogen, pro-TNFα, SDF-1, and TGF-β
MMP-10
 Stromelysin-2
 Collagen types III, IV, V, and gelatin
 Fibronectin, laminin, and nidogen
 Pro-MMP-1, pro-MMP-8, and pro-MMP-10
MMP-11
 Stromelysin-3
Laminin
 α1-antitrypsin, α1-proteinase inhibitor, and IGFBP-1
MMP-12
 Macrophage metalloelastase
Elastin
 Plasminogen
MMP-13
 Collagenase-3
 Collagen types I, II, III, IV, V, IX, X, XI, and gelatin
 Aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin, perlecan, and tenascin
 Plasminogen activator 2, pro-MMP-9, pro-MMP-13, and SDF-1
MMP-14
 MT1-MMP
 Collagen types I, II, III, and gelatin
 Aggrecan, dermatan sulphate proteoglycan, fibrin, fibronectin, laminin, nidogen, perlecan, tenascin, and vitronectin
 αvβ3 integrin, CD44, gC1qR, pro-MMP2, pro-MMP-13, pro-TNFα, SDF-1, and tissue transglutaminase
MMP-15
 MT2-MMP
 Collagen types I, II, III, and gelatin
 Aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin, nidogen, perlecan, tenascin, and vitronectin
 Pro-MMP-2, pro-MMP-13, and tissue transglutaminase
MMP-16
 MT3-MMP
 Collagen types I, III, and gelatin
 Aggrecan, casein, fibronectin, laminin, perlecan, and vitronectin
 Pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-13
MMP-17
 MT4-MMP
 Gelatin
 Fibrin and fibronectin
MMP-19
 RASI-1
 Collagens types I, IV, and gelatin
 Aggrecan, casein, fibronectin, laminin, nidogen, and tenascin
MMP-20
 Enamelysin
Aggrecan, amelogenin, and cartilage
MMP-21


α1-antitrypsin
MMP-23
 CA-MMP
 Gelatin

MMP-24
 MT5-MMP
 Gelatin
 Chondroitin sulfate, dermatin sulfate, and fibronectin
 Pro-MMP2 and pro-MMP-13
MMP-25
 Leukolysin, MT6-MMP
Collagen type IV and gelatin
 Fibrin and fibronectin Pro-MMP-2
MMP-26
 Matrilysin-2, endometase
 Collagen type IV and gelatin
 Casein, fibrinogen, and fibronectin
 β1-proteinase inhibitor
MMP-28
 Epilysin
Casein

*Although there are 23 human MMPs, 29 numbers have been used in the literature. The symbols MMP-4, MMP-5, MMP-6 and MMP-29 are redundant in humans and are no longer in use; MMP-18 corresponds to a Xenopus laevis collagenase, for which no human ortholog is known, and a human protein published as MMP-18 is now called MMP-19. Two nearly identical human genes found in a segment of chromosome 1 that is duplicated were called MMP21 and MMP22 but are now referred to as MMP23A and MMP23B.

Somerville et al. Genome Biology 2003 4:216   doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-6-216