Table 1 |
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Major functional categories of senescence-associated genes* |
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| Functional category |
Associated processes |
Abundant genes |
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| Macromolecule degradation |
Breakdown of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and polysaccharides |
Cysteine proteases, ubiquitin-related genes, RING finger proteins, nucleases, lipases/acylhydrolases,
phospholipases, glucanases, β-glucosidase, pectinesterases, and polygalacturonase |
| Nutrient recycling |
Transport of peptides, amino acids, sugars, purines, pyrimidines and ions |
Oligopeptide transporters, ammonium transporter purine and pyrimidine transporters,
glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase, sugar transporters (MFSs), and ABC transporters |
| Defense and cell rescue mechanisms |
Abiotic and biotic stress, and oxidative stress |
Metallothionein, glutathione S-transferase, protein similar to jasmonate-inducible protein, glutathione peroxidase,
and cold-regulated protein COR6.6 |
| Transcriptional regulation |
Transcription factors |
Zinc finger proteins, basic helix-loop-helix proteins, bZIP proteins, HMG-box proteins
and transcription factors of the WRKY, NAC, AP2, MYB, HB, TCP and GRAS families |
| Signal transduction |
Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation |
Receptor-like kinases, components of MAP kinase signal cascades, phosphatases and
phospholipases, calcium-binding EF-hand protein RD20, calcium-dependent protein kinases,
and cytoskeleton-associated proteins |
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*Determined by the abundance of senescence-associated ESTs, as described by Guo et al. [4]. bZIP, basic leucine zipper; HB, homeobox protein; HMG, high mobility group; MAP, mitogen-activated kinase; MSF, major facilitator superfamily; NAC, no apical meristem (NAM) proteins. |
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Gepstein Genome Biology 2004 5:212 |
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