Figure 1.

Ein Avdat areas A, B, C and P. (a) Area A trees grow near water and have a wide trunk and a large crown. (b) Trees from area B have narrower trunks than trees from area A. (c) Trees growing in area C on the slope, further from the water spring, have a narrow trunk and a small crown and display symptoms of being stressed. (d) Trees in area P, located 1 km from the Ein Avdat canyon, were planted in 1989 and originate from root suckers of trees growing in the valley. The trees at area P are irrigated once a week.