Table 1 |
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|
Activated metabolic pathways during adipocyte differentiation and their key enzymes (rate limiting steps) |
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| Pathway |
Enzyme/Protein name |
Accession number |
Number |
Cluster |
|
|
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| Urea cycle and arginine-citrulline cycles |
Arginine succinate synthase |
NP_031520 |
128 |
1/10 |
| Phosphatidylinositol |
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, regulatory subunit, polypeptide 1 |
XP_127550 |
446 |
7 |
| Myoinositol 1-phosphate synthase A1 |
NP_076116 |
156 |
8 |
|
| Cholesterol biosynthesis/keto-body synthesis |
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 |
NP_666054 |
178 |
4 |
| 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase |
XP_127496 |
619 |
12 |
|
| Triglyceride hydrolysis (fatty acid assimilation) |
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) |
NP_032535 |
14 |
6 |
| β-Oxidation |
Acetyl-CoA dehydrogenase (Acad) |
NP_780533 |
61 |
6 |
| Acetyl-CoA dehydrogenase, medium chain (Acadm) |
NP_031408 |
153 |
6/9 |
|
| Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (Acad) |
Mm.6635 |
510 |
6 |
|
| Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, short/branched chain (Acadsb) |
NP_080102 |
220 |
9 |
|
| Triglyceride metabolism |
Adipose triglyceride lipase (Pnpla2/Atgl) |
NP_080078 |
157 |
6 |
| CoA biosynthesis |
Pantothenate kinase 3 |
NP_666074 |
140 |
6 |
| Anaplerotic processes |
Pyruvate carboxylase |
NP_032823 |
149 |
6 |
| Branched chain amino acid metabolism (AKA metabolism) |
Branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase E1, α polypeptide |
NP_031559 |
193 |
3/9 |
| Methylation |
S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase |
NP_057870 |
66 |
8 |
| Methionine adenosyltransferase II, α |
NP_663544 |
350 |
2 |
|
| Unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis |
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 |
NP_033153 |
305 |
6 |
| Nucleotide metabolism |
Xanthine dehydrogenase |
NP_035853 |
361 |
2 |
| Taurin biosynthesis |
Cysteine dioxygenase |
NP_149026 |
271 |
7 |
| NH4+ metabolism/glutamate |
Glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthase) |
NP_032157 |
318 |
7 |
| Glycolysis |
Pyruvate kinase 3 |
NP_035229 |
247 |
8 |
| Substrate cycle (glycolysis/gluconeogenesis) |
Fructose bisphosphatase 2 |
NP_032020 |
175 |
9 |
| Nucleotide biosynthesis |
Deoxycytidine kinase |
NP_031858 |
363 |
8 |
| Ribonucleotide reductase M2 |
NP_033130 |
448 |
8 |
|
| Pentose phophate shunt |
Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (AI785303) |
XP_181411 |
533 |
9 |
| NAD(P) biosynthesis |
Pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor |
NP_067499 |
327 |
9 |
| Polyamine biosynthesis |
Ornithine decarboxylase, structural |
NP_038642 |
212 |
10 |
| Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis |
GTP cyclohydrolase 1 |
NP_032128 |
259 |
10 |
| Purin biosynthesis |
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase |
NP_742158 |
287 |
11 |
| Asparagine biosynthesis |
Asparagine synthetase |
NP_036185 |
109 |
12 |
| Long chain fatty acids |
ELOVL family member 6, elongation of long chain fatty acids |
NP_569717 |
162 |
12 |
| Serine biosynthesis |
Phosphoserine phosphatase |
NP_598661 |
261 |
12 |
| Gluconeogenesis |
PEPCK 2 (Riken 9130022B02) |
NP_083270 |
393 |
12 |
| Prostaglandin E biosynthesis |
Prostaglandin E synthase (ri|2410099E23; ri|9230102G02) |
ri|2410099E23 ri|9230102G02 |
539 540 |
9 |
|
|
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|
CoA, coenzyme A. |
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|
Hackl et al. Genome Biology 2005 6:R108 doi:10.1186/gb-2005-6-13-r108 |
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