Figure 1.

A phylogenetic tree of insect PGRPs, indicating their known and deduced functions. For branches supported by bootstrap analysis with the proportion of 1000 replications higher than 70%, the percentage is indicated. The bar indicates the p-distance. Abbreviations: Ag, Anopheles gambiae; Am, Apis mellifera; Bm, Bombyx mori; Ce, Calpodes ethlius; Dm, Drosophila melanogaster; Glm, Glossina morsitans; Gm, Galleria mellonella; Hd, Holotrichia diomphalia; Ms, Manduca sexta; Tm, Tenebrio molitor; Tn, Trichoplusia ni. Accession numbers and references are listed in Table 1. PPO, prophenol-oxidase.