Table 1

Major pattern recognition receptors involved in the recognition of non-self nucleic acids

Receptor family

Location

Ligand

Receptor

Adaptor


Toll-like receptors (TLRs)

Endosomes

CpG DNA, abnormal DNA

TLR9

MyD88

ssRNA

TLR7/TLR8

MyD88

dsRNA

TLR3

TRIF

RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs)

Cytosol

5'-triphosphate ssRNA

RIG-I

IPS-1

dsRNA

MDA5

IPS-1

dsRNA

LGP2

IPS-1

dsDNA

DAI

Unknown

Nod-like receptors (NLRs)

Cytosol

Bacterial and viral RNA

Cryopyrin

ASC


Chi and Flavell Genome Biology 2008 9:211   doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-3-211