Figure 5.

Histogram showing distinct regulatory events between subtelomere and inner chromosomal regions. For both subtelomere, up to 230,000 bp, and inner chromosomal regions, the number of up- and down-regulated genes (above) and the number of genes expressed at high or low levels (below) is plotted over time. Since inner chromosomal regions are larger than subtelomere regions, the gene counts were normalized (divided) by the total number of genes in subtelomere (1,100) and inner chromosomal regions (3,759). We used a threshold for both the rate-of-change graph and the expression level graph, and only consider the top 800 genes with strongest up-/down-regulation (above) or highest/lowest expression level (below). Note that highly regulated genes are not necessarily showing a high and low expression level, thus the genes counted above are not all identical with those counted below. Counting the genes confirms numerically that expression of genes of subtelomere regions is distinct from that of genes of central chromosomal regions (Figures 3 and 4). Top: up- and down-regulation (red and blue lines, respectively) of genes that are subtelomerically (bold line) or intrachromosomal (thin line) localized: while most subtelomere genes are up-regulated at the beginning (mid-ring) and end (mid-schizont) of the IDC, most intrachromosomal genes show an up-regulation in the trophozoite stage. Early up-regulation at subtelomeric regions is marked by an arrow. Bottom: high or low expression levels (red and green lines, respectively) of genes that are subtelomerically (bold line) or intrachromosomally (thin line) localized: most subtelomeric genes show a high expression level at late schizont/early ring. By contrast, most intrachromosomal genes are highly expressed only at early/mid-schizont stages.