Table 1 |
||||||||
|
Human AID/APOBEC paralogs |
||||||||
| Name |
Genomic location |
Exons |
Deaminase domains |
Expression |
Cellular localization |
Editing activity |
Target |
References |
|
|
||||||||
| AID |
12p13 |
5 |
1 |
Activated B cells, Testis |
Mainly cytoplasmic, acts in the nucleus |
DNA |
Immunoglobulin gene |
[3,31] |
| APOBEC1 |
12p13.1 |
5 |
1 |
Small intestine |
Cytoplasmic/nuclear, acts in the nucleus |
RNA, DNA |
Apolipoprotein B mRNA |
[1,2] |
| APOBEC2 |
6p21 |
3 |
1 |
Skeletal muscle, heart |
Cytoplasmic/nuclear |
Unknown |
Unknown |
[15,16] |
| APOBEC3A |
22q13.1 |
5 |
1 |
Keratinocytes, blood |
Cytoplasmic/nuclear |
DNA |
Adeno-associated virus, retrotransposons |
[4,104] |
| APOBEC3B |
22q13.1 |
8 |
2 |
Intestine, uterus, mammary gland, keratinocytes, other |
Predominantly nuclear |
DNA |
Retroviruses, retrotransposons, HBV |
[4,104] |
| APOBEC3C |
22q13.1 |
4 |
1 |
Many tissues |
Cytoplasmic/nuclear |
DNA |
Retroviruses, retrotransposons, HBV |
[4] |
| APOBEC3DE |
22q13.1 |
7 |
2 |
Thyroid, spleen, blood |
Unknown |
DNA |
Retroviruses |
[4,10,107] |
| APOBEC3F |
22q13.1 |
8 |
2 |
Many tissues |
Cytoplasmic |
DNA |
Retroviruses, retrotransposons, HBV |
[4] |
| APOBEC3G |
22q13.1 |
8 |
2 |
Many tissues, T cells |
Cytoplasmic |
DNA |
Retroviruses, retrotransposons, HBV |
[4,5] |
| APOBEC3H |
22q13.1 |
5 |
1 |
Blood, thymus, thyroid, placenta |
Unknown |
DNA |
Retroviruses |
[10,107] |
| LOC196469* |
12q23 |
1 |
2 |
Pseudogene |
- |
- |
- |
[10,107] |
| APOBEC4 |
1q25.3 |
2 |
1 |
Testis |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Unknown |
[14] |
|
|
||||||||
|
*This pseudogene originated from a recent retrotranspositional event. HBV, hepatitis B virus. |
||||||||
|
Conticello Genome Biology 2008 9:229 doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-6-229 |
||||||||