Neo-sex chromosomes in the black muntjac recapitulate incipient evolution of mammalian sex chromosomes

Qi Zhou^*¹^,2 , Jun Wang^*³^,4^,5 , Ling Huang^*²^,6 , Wenhui Nie⁶ , Jinhuan Wang⁶ , Yan Liu²^,6 , Xiangyi Zhao¹ , Fengtang Yang⁷ and Wen Wang¹

¹CAS-Max Planck Junior Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 32# Jiao-chang Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, People's Republic of China

²Graduate School of Chinese Academy Sciences, 19# Yu-quan Road, Beijing 100039, People's Republic of China

³The Institute of Human Genetics, University of Aarhus, Nordre Ringgade 1, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

⁴Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark

⁵Beijing Genomics Institute, Bei-shan Road, Shenzhen 518083, People's Republic of China

⁶Kunming Cell Bank, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32# Jiao-chang Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, People's Republic of China

⁷Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Ickleton Road, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK

author email corresponding author email* Contributed equally

Genome Biology 2008, 9:R98doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-6-r98


Published:	14 June 2008

Subject areas: Evolution, Genetics

Additional files

Additional data file 1:

Numbers beside the chromosomes represent homologous chromosomes of Muntiacus reevesi defined by comparative chromosomal painting [21]. Only the proximal region 17b and the distal region below 17a can form homologous pairing and thus recombine with their homologs. Regions spanning from '22a' to '17a' cannot recombine because of a large intrachromosomal inversion. Regions '8', '17a', and '17b' were derived from short arm of autosome 1 (1p) and further experienced rearrangements, forming the current order along 1p+4. We also showed location information for the investigated 23 genes [22,35].

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Additional data file 2:

Presented is a description with a table showing substitution patterns on noncoding sequences of neo-Y and neo-X.

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Additional data file 3:

Presented is a table showing neo-Y linked mutations in promoter regions and their effects on allelic expression.

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Additional data file 4:

The UTR region is designated in lower case, whereas the protein-coding region is presented in uppercase. Splicing is unlikely because there is no splicing signal at the boundaries of deleted region and an intron shorter than 30 bp is scarce in mammals.

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Additional data file 5:

Presented is a table showing the RNA editing degree of SNX22 neo-X allele in male black muntjacs is higher than that in female.

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