Table 3

Independent duplications and parallel relocalizations in the human and yeast lineages have happened multiple times during evolution

Human

Yeast

Family

Mitochondrial

Non-mitochondrial

Mitochondrial

Non-mitochondrial

Thioredoxins

TXN, TXN2

TXNDC2

TRX3

TRX1, TRX2

Glutaredoxins

GLRX2

GLRX, GLRXL

GRX2

GRX1 (nucleus)

Isocitrate dehydrogenases [NADP]

IDH2

IDH1

IDP1

IDP2, IDP3 (peroxisome)

Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferases

BCAT2

BCAT1

BAT1

BAT2

Serine hydroxymethyltransferases

SHMT2

SHMT1

SHM1

SHM2

Rows show proteins targeted to mitochondria and their paralogs targeted to other subcellular compartments in both human and yeast. Non-mitochondrial homologs (both human and yeast) are cytosolic if not indicated otherwise.

Szklarczyk and Huynen Genome Biology 2009 10:R135   doi:10.1186/gb-2009-10-11-r135