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Table 1
Known rhomboid protease substrates and functions across evolution
Rhomboid	Organism	Substrate	Function	References

Rho-1	Drosophila	Spitz, Keren	EGFR signaling (embryo, most developing tissues, adult)	[8-16,89]
Rho-2/Stet	Drosophila	Gurken,?	EGFR signaling in oocyte, germline	[89,90]
Rho-3/Ru	Drosophila	Spitz, Keren	EGFR signaling in embryo, eye disc	[12,89,91]
Rho-4	Drosophila	Spitz, Keren?	EGFR signaling?	[89]
Rho-7	Drosophila	DmOpa1-like DmPINK1	Mitochondrial fusion, mitophagy	[30,55]
CeROM1	C. elegans	LIN-3L	Amplifying EGFR signaling (vulva)	[47]
AarA	P. stuartii	TatA	Activating twin-arginine translocon, quorum sensing	[20,17,61,62,66]
GlpG	E. coli	?	?	[17-20,34-36,77,78,83-85,88]
HiGlpG	H. influenzae	?	?	[37,81]
YqgP	Bacillus subtilis	?	?	[17,18,20]
PA3086	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	?	?	[17,18,20]
AqRho	Aquifex aeolicus	?	?	[17,20]
Pcp1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Mgm1, Ccp1	Mitochondrial membrane fusion, pre-sequence removal	[28,52-54]
PARL	Homo sapiens Mus musculus	PINK1, others	Downregulating mitophagy, crista remodeling, anti-apoptosis	[28,29,56-60]
AtRBL2	Arabidopsis thaliana	?	?	[23]
RHBDL2	H. sapiens	TM, EphrinB1,2,3, EGF	Blood clotting? Cell migration? Cancer?	[24,48,87]
PfROM4	P. falciparum	EBA175, TRAP, other adhesins	Invasion	[26,69]
PfROM1	Plasmodium sp.	AMA1?	Invasion? Growth	[26,69,70]
TgROM1	Toxoplasma gondii	?	Growth	[25,40,68,75]
TgROM2	T. gondii	?	?	[25,40,68]
TgROM3	T. gondii	?	?	[25,68]
TgROM4	Toxoplasma gondii	AMA1, MIC2, MIC6	Invasion	[25,68,71,72]
TgROM5	Toxoplasma gondii	AMA1, MIC2, MIC6	Invasion	[25,26]
EhROM1	Entamoeba histolytica	Lectins	Phagocytosis, immune evasion	[73,74]

Only those rhomboid proteases whose proteolytic activity has been detected are included in the table. A question mark '?' denotes unknown function. EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor.
Urban and Dickey Genome Biology 2011 12:231 doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-10-231

Table 1