Figure 3.

Decay of linkage disequilibrium (LD) among dogs and gray wolves. Among dog breeds (black dotted line); among gray wolves (dashed black line); within a population of village dogs (solid black line); and within dog breeds (colored lines). R² is square of the coefficient of association of allele frequencies between two loci [76]. Between breeds and within village dogs, LD extends for approximately 100 kb (roughly the equivalent of LD in humans). LD tracks are somewhat shorter in wolves and at least ten-fold longer within breeds (adapted from [8]).